How Does A Data Center Liquid Cooling Valve Work?

The working principle of the Valve cooling is actually somewhat similar to that of an adjustable faucet, but it's even more clever—it can simultaneously control the size (flow rate) and "force" (pressure) of the water flow. To understand how it achieves this, we first need to examine its "heart": a piston that slides left and right.

cooling Valve body is hollow. Water enters from one end, passes through the channel where the piston is located, and exits from the other end. The piston has a small "window" (flow hole) in the center, the size of which directly determines how much water can pass through. When water rushes in, the piston is pushed forward by the flow—the stronger the flow (the greater the pressure), the further the piston is pushed, and the larger the small window in the center opens, allowing more water to pass through. Conversely, if you want to reduce the water flow, a spring or other device behind the piston pulls it back, narrowing the window and constricting the water flow.

Even more cleverly, the movement of the piston can "sense" pressure changes in the pipe. For example, if downstream water consumption suddenly decreases and pipe pressure rises, the piston is pushed by the pressure to further adjust the opening, squeezing out excess water and maintaining stable pressure. If downstream water consumption increases and pressure decreases, the piston automatically retracts, allowing more water to flow through. This entire process is like a "little housekeeper" watching from within the water, adjusting the piston position in real time based on changes in pressure and water volume, ensuring that both flow and pressure are precisely controlled.

This design is particularly useful in water supply networks and sewage treatment plants, where precise water flow control is crucial. Regardless of upstream water volume fluctuations, the required flow and pressure downstream are consistently met.